AMELIORATIVE EFFECT OF RESVERATROL ON LEAD-INDUCED ORGAN TOXICITY IN WISTAR RATS
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ABSTRACT
Resveratrol is a potent antioxidant found abundantly in grapes and in lesser quantities in peanuts, fruits and other food items. Dozens of reports have shown that resveratrol prevents or slows the progression of a wide variety of illnesses including cancer (colon and melanoma). The aim of this experiment was to investigate the ameliorative effect of resveratrol on lead-induced organ toxicity in wistar rats. The study employed wistar rats (150 - 250 g) which were administered carboxymethylcellulose 10 g/l (control), lead acetate solution (120 mg/kg), lead acetate solution (120 mg/kg) and succimer (10 mg/kg BW); lead acetate solution (120 mg/kg) and resveratrol (200 mg/kg); lead acetate solution (120 mg/kg) and resveratrol (400 mg/kg); and resveratrol alone (400 mg/kg) then administered lead acetate solution (120 mg/kg) daily for 2 weeks and considered as prophylactic group. All treatments were through the oral routes for different days. The acute toxicity of resveratrol was evaluated using the up and down method via oral routes in rats. The animal‟s body weights were recorded on days 1, 7 and 20. Also after animals were euthanized, relative organ weights were evaluated. Blood, plasma and organs samples were evaluated for blood lead levels (BLLs), heamatological analysis, biochemical analysis and histopathology. The LD50 was found to be above 5000 mg/kg. The results showed no significant (p > 0.05) change in body weight (BW) in resveratroltreated group compared to the positive control group. Resveratrol-pretreated group showed improved BW compared to that of the positive control rats, although the difference was not significant (p > 0.05). There was significant (p < 0.001) decrease in BLLs of resveratrol-treated groups compared to both negative and positive control groups. No significant (p > 0.05) change was recorded for the liver function parameters viii and electrolytes concentration, when the resveratrol-treated rats were compared to negative and positive control groups. There was significant (p < 0.05) increase in platelet counts in resveratrol-treated group (392.33 ± 31.81) compared to both negative (219.50 ± 30.50) and lead acetate treated group (210.50 ± 24.99). No significant (p > 0.05) change was recorded for the other heamatological parameters, when the resveratrol-treated groups were compared to negative and positive control groups. In the histopathology, the toxic effect of lead recorded in liver, kidney, heart and brain in the positive control group were significant (p < 0.05) when compared to resveratrol-treated groups. The toxic effects caused by lead were reduced to minimal level in resveratrol-treated groups. In conclusion, resveratrol ameliorated the adverse effects induced by lead in male wistar rats. This suggests that resveratrol may contain pharmacological compounds that could be useful in treatment of lead poisoning.
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